The mathematical problem is properly represented by the well known Navier-Stokes equations, which can describe the dynamics of any fluid of practical interest. Adding suitable interface conditions, the coupling between air and water is well posed and even if no general analytical solution is currently available, numerical solutions can be computed by exploiting the computational power of modern parallel computers.

(Image courtesy of CMCS (Chair of Modeling and Scientific Computing-EPFL-Lausanne))

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